Solar Panel Diodes @ Blocking & Bypass

Built In Blocking Diode Solar Panel :

  Basically there are two types of Diodes in the Solar Panel,

 1) Blocking Diode ,

 

  2)Bypass Diode 

As though in the picture given in the left there is only Bypass diodes are showing because it is a built in blocking diode Solar Panel that's mean the blocking diode is in the panel construction...

          
Both Blocking diodes and Bypass diodes are important for solar panel, And I will explain why in the following section,...

Before start, I want to tell you what is diode at first, Diode is a device which rectify the electricity in one direction.. If diode use in the circuit then we can control the current in one direction..

Blocking Diode : Blocking Diode is very important for the solar panel...it stops the current coming out of battery to Solar Panel. At day time battery get charged by the solar panel and at night we feed our electrical loads using the battery current , if there is no blocking diodes in between battery and solar panel then there will be current flow from battery to solar panel which can harm both battery and solar panel...

The purpose of the Blocking diodes to protect Battery & Solar Panel 

Bypass Diode  :

Bypass diodes are also work as the blocking diode, but this case bypass diode help the solar system circuit to fight against the shading problem..By chance if one of  array of solar cells get shaded then because of the bypass diode only partial part of the solar panel will stop and other part will produce electricity, if there is no bypass diode then the entire solar panel will stop working by shading...So check your solar  panel manufacturer  whether your solar panel has built in bypass diodes , if not then you have to extra careful about shading effect on solar panel...

Like the picture left, the bypass diodes are connected
to the solar panel parallel, so if one of the particular
solar panel get shaded, then only that one will stop other one will be active and solar system will not entrely shut down,,


So Bypass diodes are there to help us to decrease the effect of shading..







Hope you like this post (Jajakallahu khair)

What Is Inverter Part 2 @ On-grid Inverter:

On grid Inverters are those inverters which are design to take directly power from the solar panel and convert it to utility use, On grid Inverters are mainly use in mini or macro grid power plants where several strings of solar array are being used for the conversion of solar light into electricity...But one home user or small business holder also can use this Inverters  for generating utility power for their home or for business, this system could be direct or battery based.

 

A hybrid system

This kind of Inverters are also called grid tied Inverters where through this inverters solar energy are directly connected to the utility grid (Gov.).....This kind of grid tie inverters are design to convert DC power into grid efficient AC energy where it synchronizes the voltage , phase and the frequency of the DC source converting AC and tie with the grid which is very important...


Some electric company pay for this kind of supply...If you have place and money to implement a mini-grid in your locality then you can business with government....Feed in tariff  based on contract with a distribution company or other power companies where customer can earn money from the supplier...

Sunny Boy is one of the best grid ties inverter, this is a SMA product..This is the link of the company http://www.sma.de/en/...This is a renewable product company known for quality product (Solar & Wind)...As the quality is good the cost is high too but worth it...SMA only produce string on grid and off grid Inverters ,like Sunny boy, Sunny tripower..Sunny Island etc..They also offer training on their products, details are on their website.. This products are very rich in functionality, products can work individual or in a string system as well as in a hybrid system..This is  one of the best Inverter supply company according to me..they can provide standalone Solar or Wind Inverter  system..There are other companies like Solaredge, Ysakawa Solectria etc also produce Inverters (On grid and Off-grid)....

Hope you enjoyed this post (jajakallahu khairan)

What is Inverter part 1 @ Off-grid Inverter

Inverter is a very important part of a Solar Electrification system.This is the main part of the AC system of a Solar Energy Technology.. Without this part one can't run any AC appliance through Solar Panel power.

Lets go with the basic, first what is a Inverter exactly.., This is a DC/AC Converter by definition and work.

An inverter make a pure sine wave to its output from a pure dc input, in this case is battery..

The Internal construction of an Inverter is made of a lot of power electronics , but I will not talk about that because it is not the topic....and you don't need it here...this is about the application not the construction....

but in simple language, it is just a DC/AC converter....

the output of a Inverter should be a pure sine wave which depicted in the picture...

There are other Inverter which generate square wave, but those are not good for appliances, check your Inverter catalogue for its output statistics. It must have pure sine wave..

Now a days there is a lot of variation in Inverters based on their application

 1) Off grid Inverters 

 2) On grid Inverters  

 3) String Inverters 

 4) Micro Inverters..

In this article I will only talk about Off-grid Inverters  

Off- grid Inverters can be both String Inverters or a Micro Inverters....It actually work with the battery not with the solar panels directly.This type of Inverter generally installed in off- grid system where the main source of power is the battery.This type of battery generally work with battery voltage which 12V/24V/48V.

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Simple off-grid inverter

But it out put is 220V~240V AC, in off-grid system there could be many choices like you could have both AC and DC appliances or your system has battery bank etc..To choose a Inverter wisely first you need to understand your load...If your system has both AC and DC appliances then buy an Inverter which have both. 

An Off-grid Inverter can be very simple like a 500W pure sine wave inverter can which only give AC output but no DC output...Design for 500W load system...

But an Inverter can be multi functional which can provide AC and DC as well as 3 Phase AC supply ..those are more expensive, so it depends on your load system..

Some off-grid Inverters are design for  multiple battery bank purpose , which is called string Inverters.Those are really expensive and can handle big system starting form 2000W system and more..

One of the example of powerful Inverter is Sunny Island Inverters ..This kind of Inverters are very powerful and can handle big system..With this type of Inverter you can create cluster of string solar system...very very efficient system but highly expensive...this kind of Inverters also allow external power source like generator as well as other renewable system like Wind energy to tie with solar System...Multiple functionality can be done by this type of Inverter...

this kind of off -grid Inverter can be more complicated and efficient and expensive depending upon the load system....

Sunny Island Single phase system

But before buying any Inverter make sure it gives a pure sine wave and can handle your load system....Check it has all kind of protection system like temperature , over voltage, short circuit, float voltage  protection...Buy in budget and stay safe...Alhamdulilllah...

Hope you like this post( jajakallahu khairan)

Battery Reading Understanding Part 2 ..@ Battery Curves part 2

Please see  http://edyeazul.blogspot.com/2017/01/battery-reading-understanding-part-2.html  before you read this article , this is the second part of the two part..

As I am explaining the benefit of learning the battery curve is very important, because this kind of knowledge make you better user. there are many kind of curves you will see but some of the parameters are very important to observe like DoDs (depth of discharge) , and life cycle curves...In this article I will explain DoD , Cycle life and Float use characteristics...Lets get started ....

3) Capacity vs Cycles :  Capacity of a battery is always depends on the use of the battery , the way you treat it the way you will get result..If you use it wisely then battery can provide you service for a long run with highest capacity. You will understand better it you understand two things i) Depth of Discharge ii) and Cycle life of a battery..

Depth of Discharge (DoD) is a parameter which indicate how much energy that stored in a battery has been used in a percentage format, as an example if a battery is in a 30% DoD state, that's mean 30% of the stored energy has been supplied by the battery and 70% energy is still stored in the battery.

Cycle life is the parameter which indicate how many times you can fully discharge a battery and then fully recharge the battery.If you fully discharge a battery and then fully recharge it then it is called one full cycle. 

A Normal battery normally has 300~2000 cycle life but at different DODs..at lower DoD you get maximum cycle life. In short if you use your battery at lower depth of discharge like 20%~30% then you can get better life time of your battery...you can use your battery for many years, if you use lowest discharge at possible for  your application..this is the way to improve your battery life. As it demonstrate in the Picture curve of Capacity Vs Cycle you can see at 30% DoD the cycle is 1650 and at 50% DoD the cycle is 750 and at 100% DoD the cycle is 300, this mean the capacity of the battery life is decreasing with the depth of discharge. One should never use the battery 100%, remember you can protect your battery from dying early by using them at 20%~30% DoD....

 

4) Charging Characteristics : By this curve one can understand how soon your battery can  recharge after at discharge at certain amount...like if a battery is discharge at 80% DoD then it will take less time to recharge it back to its optimal voltage but if a battery got discharge at 100% DoD then it will take more time to recharge to it optimal voltage.In simple language if you use your battery 80% out of 100% then recharge time will be faster but if you use your battery 100% out of 100% then it will recharge  slower.One of the simple example is your mobile phone, where if you use 2~3 days without recharging it then battery took time to recharge fully , very simple just don't drain out all the power that your battery hold into it..recharge more comparing to discharge ...


Hope you like this post (jajakallahu Khairan)

Battery Reading Understanding Part 2 ..@ Battery Curves part 1

Battery Curves

 

To understand a Battery efficiency the best way is understand the battery curves, there are a lot of curves related to the battery efficiency and its life time, but most of them are in the same parameters like temperature, depth of discharge (DoD), float voltage rating , cycle use etc...but in most of the battery curves you will find something similar ....

Add caption

 1. Temp Vs Capacity : This is very important one, this kind of CURVES will tell you the temperature where you can get maximum service from the battery and where you can get nothing..The relation is capacity of a battery will rise with temperature, but after a certain point it will be constant and no longer will show more increment in capacity...likewise the left picture,  at below  0C there is low performance by the battery , so according to this curve with a certain C rating of the battery you can figure in which temperature you will get maximum output from the battery and what could be the maximum capacity of the battery at atmospheric temperature of surrounding... at picture you can see after 20C ~60C temp. the battery capacity is getting higher but it is also getting saturated and at after some point it will be constant where there will be no increment of capacity....but not all the temperature we can work with , you may not be able to get the best performance by the battery in some cold place or soft hot places....like at ambient temperature of a room which will vary (18C~40C) the performance of the battery will be moderate, so there will be some energy loss..So try to keep your battery where temperature is high but in the range of the battery working temperature... don't keep your battery in a hot oven, just keep it in a hot place which it can bear....

 2.Discharge Volt vs Discharge time. This curve is crucial and very useful to understand how to use the battery for the better result. The Discharge Voltage got low with the discharge time and it also got low with higher C rating...If you are discharging your battery with a higher current with long time ,the voltage of the battery will be down drastically ...To keep the voltage of the battery at the maximum which is very important , we need to choose lower C rating , it means you have to take the best C rating to maintain the battery voltage at best..otherwise you will loose a lot of energy in a short moment...and this is not good for battery health...advise  is to drive out the battery current from the battery slowly at lower rate (0.3C~0.05C according to the curve)...

This is the best you can do for the heath and protect the energy loss from your battery.....Alhamdulillah

Hope this will be helpful (jajakallahu Khairan) 

Amorphous Solar Panel Biography

Amorphous Cell:

The Concept of Amorphous Solar cell is depositing one or several layers of photo voltaic materials onto a substrate is the basic gist of how thin-film solar cells are manufactured. The alias name of amorphous is thin-film photo voltaic cells. There are different types of amonrpous solar cells are available

i) Amorphous Silicon 

ii) Copper Indium gallium selenide

ii) Organic photo voltaic cells

iv) Cadmium tellurium

This kind of solar cell has the least efficiency, the maximum efficiency is available is 7-13%..the further  efficiency could be 10-16% which is expected..but narrow window those are way less then mono or poly crystalline cells..

The market for amorphous is not as good as others cells like mono or ploy crystalline, but it grew with moderate rate like 60% from 2002 to 2007. In 2011, close to 5% of US ...  

You can easily recognize by seeing these three solar cells , amorphous cells are build in rectangle and it has no stretch on it , just simple it look.....

Advantage : Unlike mono and poly crystalline it has no greater efficiency  but for some reason it has good applications....

i) Production of amorphous cells is simple, lower in cost comparing other cells

ii) These cells are flexible and used in various application where flexibility is important.

iii) Mini projects like electronics devices mobile, calculator , camera etc has amorphous cells applications..

iv) If you don't have space issue but want cheaper solar panels then Amorphous is your choice ....

v) It has better response in high temperature and shading problem...

Disadvantage:  

i) It waste a lot of space for the higher power applications which is not expect able for both off grid and on -grid applications.

ii) Because of the the space it waste the cost of bigger plans goes way costly then comparing any other cells.

iii) implementation and installing charge a lot of money for these amorous panels because of cables and connectors expense.

iv) Because if the electrical power is low it shows unproductive application for bigger projects.

Application : As though it has lower power efficiency , but it has great use for lower power applications,

a lot of solar home appliances are made of this kind solar cells...like solar home lantern, calculator , solar lamps, solar tables , solar beds etc...